Description: Evergreen shrub (rarely a small tree) to 3m ; young twigs hairy. Leaves 1.5-4cm, thin but rigid, broadly ovate or oblong, with heart-shaped or rounded base, spinose-toothed, wavy, dark green with prominent veins above, pale green and smooth beneath, hairless at maturity; leaf stalk 1-4mm. Fruit ripening in the second year; scales of acorn cup rigid, subspinous, usually spreading.

Poison: None Known

Uses: Food, Fodder

Distribution: Albania,  Algeria,  Bulgaria,  Corsica,  Crete,  Croatia,  Cyprus,  East Aegean Islands,  F.Y. Macedonia,  France,